Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system, encompassing its structure, function, development, evolution, genetics, and pathology. The nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, is the central system responsible for sensation, motor control, cognition, emotion, and behavior in living organisms. Neuroscience aims to uncover how the nervous system processes information, regulates behavior, and maintains normal organismal function.

Research in neuroscience spans a wide range of levels, from molecular and cellular to systemic and behavioral, with the goal of deepening the understanding of nervous system function and mechanisms, as well as the development of neurological diseases. Key research areas include the function of neurons and glial cells, neural signaling, neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, neural circuits and behavior, neurodegenerative diseases, and the development and application of neuroscience technologies.