Immunology is the study of the composition, function, and mechanisms of the immune system, as well as the basic immune mechanisms related to diseases. The immune system is the body's defense system against pathogens and foreign substances, protecting health by distinguishing "self" from "non-self."

Research in immunology spans a broad spectrum from basic science to clinical applications, aiming to deepen the understanding of immune system functions, immune response mechanisms, and the development of immune-related diseases. Key research areas include the formation mechanisms of the immune system, the functions of immune cells and molecules, mechanisms of immune tolerance and immune evasion, and the application of immunological techniques in disease diagnosis and treatment.